Sensor technology is one of the key technologies for mine monitoring.
On the one hand, we should correctly apply various existing sensors to serve the mining industry; On the other hand, as a sensor manufacturer, we also need to research and develop new sensors to adapt to more mining industry applications. There are various types of sensors, and based on the special environment of mine monitoring, mining sensors mainly include vibrating wire sensors, semiconductor piezoresistive sensors, metal strain gauge sensors, differential transformer sensors, etc. These sensors have a wide range of applications in the mining industry, and the specific type of sensor to be used depends on the specific mining environment.
Coal is an important resource for social development, and mining can have a driving effect on the development of the national economy, especially in the new era of rapid economic development. The demand for coal resources is also increasing, which requires coal enterprises to continuously improve their productivity to ensure the effective supply of social resources. The achievement of this goal requires coal enterprises to continuously improve their technological level, strengthen the intelligent construction of coal mine machinery engineering, and effectively improve their production capacity. Only in this way can the needs of social development be effectively met. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the development and application of intelligent coal mine machinery engineering.
Current Development Status of Coal Mine Mechanical Engineering
Coal mines are a fundamental energy source for the development of China's national economy and occupy an important position in the country's energy structure. The level and capability of coal mining have achieved a qualitative leap with the rapid development of technology, especially in the development of coal mining machinery. Mechanical technology has gradually matured, and the production system is more standardized and regulated. However, the research and development of coal mining machinery in our country started very late, and there is a significant gap between it and advanced foreign technologies. The development level of coal mining machinery directly affects the overall production capacity of coal mining enterprises. In the new era, the demand for coal resources in human society is increasing day by day, which brings research challenges to the coal mining industry. Coal mining must constantly update core technologies, design theories, technical standards, testing methods, etc., and improve the working mechanism of coal mine mechanical engineering in order to make the intelligent development of mechanical engineering more smooth.
Related issues in the intelligent development of coal mining machinery engineering
2.1 Mechanical equipment is relatively complex
Usually, the scale of coal mining is relatively large, and the various machinery used for coal mining often have the characteristics of large volume and complex structure. However, during coal mining, due to the limited space of coal mines and the excessive size of mechanical equipment, it is difficult to ensure the flexibility of operations in such narrow mines, which seriously affects the efficiency of coal mining and also affects the full utilization of machinery. In addition, due to the complex mining environment, various environmental factors can easily have adverse effects on coal mining machinery, thereby shortening the service life of coal mining machinery and increasing production costs for enterprises.
2.2 Low level of intelligence in coal mining machinery
With the development of society, the application of science and technology in various fields is becoming increasingly widespread. However, for coal mine production, although many high-tech applications have been made in mechanical equipment, the level of intelligent production is still in its early stages. Compared with developed Western countries, the intelligence level of coal mine machinery in China is relatively low, and only intelligent construction has been implemented in some small instruments. There are still many main production machinery with low intelligence level, and even some work needs to be manually operated to complete. This not only causes serious waste of various resources, but also reduces the production efficiency of coal resources.
2.3 Poor coal mine machinery materials and lack of practicality
In coal mining machinery, steel is mostly used as the main material, which often affects the quality of coal mining machinery. However, many steel products in China are mainly of medium and low-end quality. To ensure the quality of coal mining machinery, it is necessary to import high-end steel for mechanical manufacturing. However, this will greatly increase the cost of coal mining machinery, which is not conducive to the economic benefits of coal mining enterprises and can easily affect the development of the coal mining industry. To reduce cost investment, it is necessary to choose materials with lower prices. However, these steels have quality defects. Using them in coal mining machinery will affect the service life of coal mining machinery, and it is also prone to failure problems, affecting the normal production of coal mines.
Application of Intelligent Coal Mining Machinery Engineering
3.1 Application of Intelligent Mechanical Engineering in Coal Mining
The mining machine is the most commonly used equipment in coal mining. The electric traction drive system provides sufficient mining power for the mining machine and uses AC motors, which have stronger reliability and simplify the comprehensive mining work, greatly improving efficiency. For accurate fault diagnosis, sensors are used for fault diagnosis. The sensors provide feedback on the mining situation to the system diagnostic system, which makes judgments based on the data obtained by the sensors, thus realizing the intelligence of the entire comprehensive mining process and greatly improving mining efficiency.
3.2 Application of Intelligent Mechanical Engineering in Coal Mine Transportation
During transportation in coal mines, the coal is conveyed through a belt conveyor. Medium voltage variable frequency drive control technology is applied in the belt conveyor to ensure its stability and continuous operation even at low speeds. Install a hydraulic automatic tensioning device for the tape conveyor to ensure smooth operation by automatically adjusting the tension. Install a working condition monitoring system, use a cross device for the head installation, and install an automatic telescopic device at the tail to timely understand the transportation situation and conduct real-time transportation monitoring.
3.3 Application of Intelligent Coal Mining Machinery Engineering in Production Safety Monitoring
In the era of rapid technological development, the intelligentization of mechanical engineering has been popularized in various fields, thereby improving labor productivity, ensuring product quality, and achieving safe production. To ensure the safety production of coal mines, it is necessary to firmly adhere to the concept of safety first. At present, most coal mining enterprises in various regions have established safety monitoring systems, using the most advanced manufacturing technology and combining with the actual needs of coal mining production to develop and design safety production management systems. Many large coal mines have set up different types of monitoring systems. However, some sensors have weak stability, a relatively single type, and a short service life. If a malfunction occurs, it will require a lot of manpower and time. Therefore, a sound coal mine production safety inspection system, combining mechanical intelligent equipment and sensors, and comprehensively using various types of sensors, can effectively solve common hidden dangers in coal mine safety production and improve the level of coal mine production safety inspection.
3.4 Application of Intelligent Coal Mining Machinery Engineering in Green Production
The coal mining industry is a relatively polluting industry, and unreasonable mining can cause serious damage to nature, such as destroying surface vegetation, damaging groundwater resources, polluting the air, etc., thereby restricting the sustainable development of coal mining production. Green production is based on the intelligentization of coal mining machinery engineering, with high requirements for coal mining. From the perspective of protecting the environment and achieving sustainable development, targeted mining methods are adopted to minimize the probability of disasters and ensure the maximization of economic and social benefits. In the process of coal mining, technicians need to carefully analyze the water conditions in the mining area to prevent ground subsidence and avoid the destruction of underground aquifers, so as not to affect the normal life of local residents. During the mining process, gas is not only a clean energy source, but also a harmful gas that is prone to explosion and endangers the safety of absenteeism. Therefore, coal mining enterprises should use the method of installing drilling gas drainage pipes during the closure of the wellhead to strengthen gas mining work, save natural resources, and protect the ecological environment.
4 Development Trends and Prospects
(1) The development of intelligent navigation technology. Based on real-time 3D GIS technology, combining geographic information, 3D visualization, and working face detection technology, intelligent navigation technology is adopted in comprehensive mining work to automatically locate equipment. Real time detection and automatic positioning of working faces can be achieved to achieve precise mining of coal resources. (2) Equipment tends to diversify. The current coal mining equipment in China has simple functions and complex structures, with high operational difficulty and cumbersome operation in narrow mine working environments, making it difficult to achieve efficient operation in such environments. In the subsequent development, the functions of mining equipment tend to be integrated and the types tend to be diversified. For example, by installing sensors that can be processed by artificial intelligence and using data processing modules to calculate the working displacement of the coal mining machine, data can be input into the model for autonomous mining; Alternatively, intelligent mining robots may be introduced to gradually replace human work in fully mechanized mining faces. Operators only need to master simple work techniques to effectively operate the equipment, thereby saving manpower and resources; Finally, advanced ultrasonic technology can be introduced to monitor mechanical equipment in case of problems. Compared with traditional surveying methods, ultrasonic technology can streamline work processes and reduce workload.
5 Conclusion
Mechanical intelligent mining technology can improve the input-output ratio and is a technology for China's coal mines to transform and accelerate industry upgrading. The new stage has put forward new requirements for the intelligence of coal mining machinery in China. Mining enterprises need to seize the opportunity of reform and continuously innovate mining machinery and equipment under the guidance of national policies, in order to ensure the stability of their performance and promote the vitality of the mining industry.